"People on War 1999" - Greenberg reports
Under the guidance of Greenberg Research Inc., ICRC staff and Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers carried out the People on War project in 12 war-torn countries, conducting in-depth, face-to-face …
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Addressing the Needs of Women Affected by Armed Conflict: An ICRC Guidance Document
Building upon the ICRC study Women Facing War, this guidance document intends to translate the findings of the study into practical terms. Aimed at staff concerned with the planning and …
The ICRC in WWI: Efforts to ban chemical warfare
Faced with the growing use of poisonous gases on the battlefield, causing terrible injuries, the ICRC appealed publicly for a ban on their use. Despite the controversy surrounding the issue, the call …
Customary international humanitarian law: Questions and answers
Based on extensive research, a 5000-page study by the ICRC has identified 161 rules which were found to be customary today. The ICRC was mandated by States to undertake this study in order to …
Third Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 – Ratification kit
Model instrument of ratification / accession ADVISORY SERVICE ON INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW ____________________________________ Third Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 Model …
The history of the emblems
The red cross and the red crescent have been at the service of humanity for more than a century - affording protection to those affected by conflict and to those assisting them. In December 2005, an …
Paris principles and Paris commitments to protect children
Paris principles and guidelines on children associated with armed forces or armed groups and Paris commitments to protect children from unlawful recruitment or use by armed forces or armed groups. …
How is the term "armed conflict" defined in international humanitarian law?
Opinion paper - definition of "international armed conflict" and "non-international armed conflict" under International Humanitarian Law, the branch of international law which governs armed conflict. …
Guidelines for assessing the compatibility between national law and obligations under treaties of international humanitarian law
Assessing national measures to implement international humanitarian law allows the authorities to verify which measures have already been taken and which remain to be taken in order to honour the …
Analysis of the punishments applicable to international crimes (war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide) in domestic law and practice
This analysis of the punishments applicable to international crimes (war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide) covers 64 countries. The sample is satisfactory in terms of geographical …
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ICRC library
Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.
IHL treaties
International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.
Customary IHL
Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.