Weapons and disarmament
… and expanding bullets (1868 and 1899). The Geneva Protocol (1925) outlawed poisonous … by the Biological and Chemical Weapons Conventions. The 1980 Convention on Certain …
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Human rights law
… as provided in Article 5 of the Fourth Geneva Convention). However, a state cannot … and punish violations. IHL is based on the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols, …
Conduct of hostilities and protection of civilians
… century, culminating in treaties such as the Geneva Conventions. Key principles include …
Compliance with IHL
… law is at the core of our mandate under the Geneva Conventions. IHL in action IHL in action: …
Customary IHL
… international law. Treaties, such as the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, are written conventions in which states formally establish …
Protected persons: Children
… says Treaty law Protocol I additional to the Geneva Conventions, 1977 – Art. 77 Protocol II additional to the Geneva Conventions, 1977 – Art. 4 Convention …
Legal review of weapons
… says Treaty law Protocol I additional to the Geneva Conventions, 1977 – Article 36 Domestic law …
Criminal repression of IHL violations
… of IHL through the adoption of the four 1949 Geneva Conventions and the establishment of the …
Protected persons: Women
… general protection is provided by the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional …
Dialogue with weapon bearers
… stated explicitly in Common Article 3 to the Geneva Conventions. From a practical point of view, …
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ICRC library
Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.
IHL treaties
International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.
Customary IHL
Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.