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The ICRC in WWI: Efforts to ban chemical warfare
Faced with the growing use of poisonous gases on the battlefield, causing terrible injuries, the ICRC appealed publicly for a ban on their use. Despite the controversy surrounding the issue, the call …
Addressing the Needs of Women Affected by Armed Conflict: An ICRC Guidance Document
Building upon the ICRC study Women Facing War, this guidance document intends to translate the findings of the study into practical terms. Aimed at staff concerned with the planning and …
"People on War 1999" - Greenberg reports
Under the guidance of Greenberg Research Inc., ICRC staff and Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers carried out the People on War project in 12 war-torn countries, conducting in-depth, face-to-face …
Occupation and international humanitarian law: Questions and answers
A series of questions and answers by the ICRC's legal team on what defines occupation, the laws that apply, how people are protected, and the ICRC's role. 1. What is occupation? Article 42 of the …
How "grave breaches" are defined in the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols
The four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Protocol 1 of 1977 each have a definition of what constitutes grave breaches. GC 1 Art. 50. Grave breaches to which the preceding Article relates shall be …
1980 Convention on certain conventional weapons and its protocols -Ratification kit
ADVISORY SERVICE ON INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW ____________________________________ 1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and its Protocols -Ratification kit- Adherence to the 1980 …
General and specific protection of women under international humanitarian law
This document includes both the general and specific protection afforded to women under international humanitarian law, meaning that some of the legal provisions apply equally to men and women …
Cairo Declaration on the protection of cultural property
The Cairo Declaration on the Protection of Cultural Property was adopted by consensus at a regional conference convened from 14 to 16 February 2004 in order to mark the 50th anniversary of the 1954 …
Model of legislation to implement the 1997 Convention on the prohibition of anti-personnel mines - Model law
Document suggesting model legislative provisions to be used by common law States as guidance in the drafting of legislation relating with the 1997 Anti-personnel Mine Ban Convention. ADVISORY SERVICE …
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ICRC library
Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.
IHL treaties
International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.
Customary IHL
Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.