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Ethiopia: Fear and lack of farming supplies risk severe long-term food shortages

As fighting in pockets of Ethiopia's Tigray region continues and food supplies dwindle, local farmers not only lack seeds and fertilizer ahead of the planting season but fear runs high. Access our …

Article

Avoiding civilian harm from military cyber operations during armed conflicts

The ICRC report on "Avoiding Civilian Harm from Military Cyber Operations during Armed Conflicts" is now available. In today's armed conflicts, cyber operations are increasingly used in support of …

Article

4 years since Marawi conflict: Families honor missing loved ones

Families of missing persons are still yearning for their loved ones, four years after the Marawi conflict. Nanay Rosa’s regular day starts grinding as early as 3 am. From her house in an Iligan City …

Article

War in Cities: Tripoli, Libya

When wars are fought in cities, it is civilians who bear the brunt. In this new series we explore the devastating impact on people who have seen their streets become the frontline. We spoke with …

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Afghanistan: Repaired hand pumps gush water, health and relief in refugee camps

Violent attacks, poverty, insecure roads littered with improvised explosive devices, lack of basic health care facilities, lack of education , joblessness and largescale displacement – the people of …

Article

Missing and Deceased Migrants and their Families

South Africa is a major destination and transit country for migrants from the Eastern and Southern Africa regions and beyond. Though the Southern African route receives far less public attention than …

Publication

Fratelli Tutti: Holy See Event on “Fraternity, Multilateralism and Peace”

On 15 April 2021, the Holy See organised a high-level event on "Fraternity, Multilateralism and Peace". It was the occasion for the Holy See (often referred to as the Vatican) and leaders of …

Article

The ICRC meets with the President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines

In the Philippines , the country with the largest population of Christian believers in Asia, religious leaders and faith-based organizations play a crucial role in responding to the humanitarian …

Article

No one is safe until everyone is safe – why we need a global response to COVID-19

Equitable vaccine distribution is a humanitarian imperative. There is a choice. The world of the next ten years can be one of greater justice, abundance and dignity. Or it can be one of conflict, …

Article

Afghanistan: A loan to revive hope and dignity

When Sebghatullah had left home and family in a remote village of Badakhshan Province's Yaftal district, where even roads do not reach, to go to Kunduz Province, he had carried a dream in his heart. …

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Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.

IHL treaties

International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.

Customary IHL

Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.