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Strengthening International Humanitarian Law Protecting Persons Deprived of their Liberty: Thematic Consultation of Government Experts on Grounds and Procedures for Internment and Detainee Transfers, Montreux, Switzerland, 20-22 October 2014

This report provides an account of the October 2014 thematic consultation of government experts on grounds and procedures for internment and detainee transfers. The consultation was part of the …

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New technologies and warfare, IRRC No. 886

Recent scientific and technical progress has given rise to unprecedented means and methods of warfare. Technologies that only yesterday were in the realm of science fiction have the potential to …

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Guidelines for Investigating Deaths in Custody

These Guidelines, the first of their kind, provide guidance to detaining authorities, investigating authorities, humanitarian agencies and others on preventing deaths in custody. They reflect …

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Decision-Making Process in Military Combat Operations

Directed at commanders, staff officers and military doctrine writers, this practical guidance manual illustrates where and how the application of the Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC) should be integrated …

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Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Response: Introductory Guidance

The ICRC might be required to undertake activities in locations where there is the potential for intentional or unintentional release of chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) agents. …

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Expert Meeting: The Use of Force in Armed Conflicts

This report provides an account of the debates that took place during a meeting of experts organized by the ICRC in January 2012 in Geneva. The subject of discussion was “Use of Force in Armed …

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Zaza the 14-Year-Old Child Soldier

Presently the world faces the serious problem of, “Child Soldiers and Sexual Violence in the times of conflict.” A challenging Journal Comics by a Writer and a Manga Artist who found a key to its …

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Forensic Identification of Human Remains

The identification of missing and unidentified people has legal and humanitarian significance. The identification process is a multidisciplinary and multi-stage interconnected process that compares …

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Armed Violence and the New Urban Agenda: The ICRC's Recommendations for Habitat III

In many parts of the world, sustainable urban development is seriously hindered by armed conflict and chronic urban violence. This is a crucial consideration for the New Urban Agenda set out by …

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Living with Absence: Helping the Families of the Missing

Many people go missing as a result of conflict, natural and man-made disasters, other humanitarian crises, and migration. Disappearance, dreadful enough for the individuals concerned, means anguish …

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ICRC library

Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.

IHL treaties

International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.

Customary IHL

Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.