War in Cities exhibit comes to Manila
This August, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) brings to Manila the War in Cities exhibit, which was originally shown in Geneva, Switzerland. Through the objects we found in Iraq …
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Report: Urban services during protracted armed conflict
50 million people in urban areas face protracted and repeated armed violence. The direct impact of conflict is visible and well understood, but there is less research into the cumulative, long-term …
International Humanitarian Law Bibliography
The ICRC International Humanitarian Law Bibliography lists references to publications in English and French on international humanitarian law. The bibliography is based on books and other material in …
Inclusive programming in ICRC operations: Final assessment report
This evaluation, completed in January 2021, assessed the most effective ways that the ICRC should implement "Inclusive Programming". This means ensuring that people and their needs are at the centre …
How does law protect in war?
Cases, documents and teaching materials on contemporary practice in international humanitarian law. A selection of nearly three hundred case studies provides university professors, practitioners and …
Being accountable to people affected by armed conflicts
The ICRC and the Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI) launched a joint discussion paper that provides recommendations for humanitarian organisations and donors in today's digital era. This 3 minute …
Humanitarian situation and ICRC action in Colombia
Over 230,000 people benefited from the work of the ICRC during 2014. This reflects our commitment to getting alongside the victims of violence and conflict. And our work brings concrete results such …
Generating respect for the law: The need for persistence and imagination
This article aims to take stock, for the first time, of efforts specifically directed to generating respect for IHL, and in particular through the dissemination of IHL (i.e. spreading information, …
Indirect Fire : A technical analysis of the employment, accuracy and effects of indirect-fire artillery weapons
The purpose of this report is to provide background information on the technical characteristics of indirect-fire weapon systems, examine how and when they are employed, address and explain issues …
International humanitarian law and cyber operations during armed conflicts
In this position paper, the ICRC presents its views on cyber operations and international humanitarian law (IHL). The use of cyber operations during armed conflicts is a reality. While only a few …
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ICRC library
Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.
IHL treaties
International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.
Customary IHL
Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.