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1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 1949

  International humanitarian law is the set of rules which, in times of war, protect those who are not, or no longer, taking an active part in hostilities, and limit the choice of methods and means …

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Sri Lanka: Exploring contemporary challenges to international humanitarian law

The Geneva Conventions enjoy universal acceptance, even seven decades after their adoption. Their integration into domestic law and military doctrine continues to prevent and minimize the human cost …

Article

Indonesia: Exploring the promotion and protection of human dignity in the Dayak culture

Pontianak – Promoting and protecting human dignity is likely the most universal of values as it has always been at the core of various international norms. It can also be found in various customs of …

Article

Sri Lanka: Taking on life with needle and thread

Armed with a needle and thread, Suntharalingam Saraswathi is ready to take on the world. Not long ago, her world was full of chaos. Life was hard for her family during the 30-year conflict. Her …

Article

Afghanistan: Mohammad Azam - A story of tragedy and hope

Mohammad Azam's childhood was joyful and simple. He lived with his parents, brother and two sisters in Zahir Abad high in the mountains of Faizabad, Badakhshan province. Mohammad and his friends …

Article

ICRC and IFRC adopt the Climate and Environment Charter for Humanitarian Organizations

The Climate and Environment Charter for Humanitarian Organizations is now opened for signature by all humanitarian organizations, following its adoption by the International Committee of the Red …

Article

2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions

The Convention on Cluster Munitions is a response to the suffering caused by cluster munitions, which have killed and injured many thousands of civilians in countries where they have been used. In …

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National Committees for the implementation of international humanitarian law

The Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 are the principal treaties governing aid to and protection of the victims of armed conflict. In order to secure the guarantees …

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1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons

The Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects applies two general …

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Cooperation in extradition and judicial assistance in criminal matters – Factsheet

In order to ensure respect for international humanitarian law (IHL), States must establish mecha­nisms to punish violations of that law. The repression of violations of IHL often requires the …

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ICRC library

Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.

IHL treaties

International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.

Customary IHL

Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.