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Reducing Civilian Harm in Urban Warfare: A Commander’s Handbook

While the humanitarian consequences of urban combat are all-too visible in recent examples such as Gaza, Aleppo, Marawi and Mosul, the prevalence of wars waged in cities will likely continue to …

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Where next? Escaping violence in the DR Congo

In Ituri Province, north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), a staggering number of people are constantly forced to flee attacks by armed groups. This is Jeannette and Brigitte’s story. …

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Bangladesh: 12th Henry Dunant Memorial Moot Court Competition 2021 — National Rounds

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is pleased to invite students from the universities of Bangladesh to register for the 12th Henry Dunant Memorial Moot Court Competition , …

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ICRC President Peter Maurer: Education for front-line communities must be a priority

On the occasion of the 4th International Conference on the Safe Schools Declaration, which took place from 25 to 27 October 2021 in Abuja, Nigeria,  ICRC President Peter Maurer delivered the …

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Pakistan: Indus College of Law wins moot court competition

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) organized the national rounds of the Henry Dunant Moot Court Competition on international humanitarian law (IHL) from 21 to 23 September 2021. …

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Malaysia: Course explores humanitarian law and counterterrorism in 21st century

Terrorism has become a global phenomenon of growing concern to all as it is increasingly witnessed in both conflict situations and during peacetime. Acts of terrorism are often perpetrated against …

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Pakistan: Police and armed forces find common ground during IHL training

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in partnership with the National Police Academy, Islamabad, organized a pilot course entitled " Armed Conflict, Other Situations of Violence and …

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Senior military officers from over 90 countries meet to discuss laws of war

Nearly 400 senior military officers from more than 90 countries will convene over the next three weeks at a high-level workshop on the laws of war, also known as international humanitarian law (IHL), …

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Georgia: “Missing Memorial” inaugurated in Tbilisi, a tangible reminder of the disappeared

The Missing Memorial, an installation to commemorate those who are missing in connection with the armed conflicts of the 1990s and August 2008, was inaugurated in Tbilisi, Georgia, on 23 September. …

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Cyber operations during armed conflicts

The use of cyber operations as means or methods of warfare in armed conflicts poses a real risk of harm to civilians. It is thus essential to understand how international humanitarian law protects …

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ICRC library

Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.

IHL treaties

International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.

Customary IHL

Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.